When the body is dehydrated, the circulatory system is put under strain. This can affect blood pressure, cause the heart to work harder, and increase the risk of arrhythmia in susceptible individuals. The risk of dehydration increases, especially in hot weather, during physical exertion, or when experiencing a fever, vomiting, or diarrhea.
Water helps ensure that blood flows smoothly and that oxygen and nutrients are transported throughout the body. When there is a lack of fluid, the blood becomes more concentrated, and the heart often has to beat faster to maintain blood flow. In addition, important minerals such as potassium and magnesium can be lost. They play a central role in the electrical control of the heart. If this balance is disrupted, the heart rhythm may become more sensitive.
Even mild dehydration can increase your heart rate and affect your blood pressure. Older adults often don’t feel as thirsty and therefore don’t drink enough in their daily lives. People with heart disease, low blood pressure, or those taking diuretics are also at particular risk. Even a slight loss of fluids can make their symptoms worse. People who sweat a lot in the summer, are physically active, or do physical labor should also make sure to stay properly hydrated. People with known heart rhythm disorders should be especially careful, as dehydration can worsen their symptoms.
How to Recognize Dehydration and Know When to Seek Help
Dehydration often manifests as thirst, a dry mouth, fatigue, dizziness, or dark urine. Some people also experience heart palpitations or a racing heart. In cases of severe deficiency, headaches, muscle cramps, confusion, or significant circulatory problems may also occur. Such symptoms should not be underestimated, especially if they occur suddenly or worsen rapidly. If you experience a racing heart, chest pain, severe weakness, fainting, or confusion, seek medical help immediately. This is especially true if the person has not been drinking enough or is suffering from a condition that causes fluid loss.
If detected early, the underlying cause can usually be treated effectively, and in many cases, more severe outcomes can be prevented. If you are unsure, it is best to contact your family doctor’s office or the heart center as soon as possible.
How to prevent dehydration and maintain proper fluid balance
Drink regularly throughout the day and don’t wait until you’re very thirsty. Water and unsweetened tea are great everyday staples. In hot weather, when you have a fever, or after heavy sweating, your fluid needs can increase significantly. If you have a heart condition or are taking medication, talk to your doctor about how much you should drink. This helps prevent over- or under-supply.
Taking small sips throughout the day is often easier on the stomach than drinking large amounts all at once. People who consciously monitor their fluid intake can reduce their risk of circulatory problems and heart rhythm disorders and maintain their performance even in hot weather or during physical exertion.
Rhythmology Walk-in Clinic Zurich
Many people experience sudden heart flutters, palpitations, or an uncomfortable sensation of an irregular heartbeat. These symptoms may be harmless, but they can also indicate a heart rhythm disorder that requires treatment. The Rhythmology Walk-in Clinic at the University Hospital of Zurich offers patients direct and straightforward evaluation without the need for an appointment.
