Superfoods Bowl

Story

What’s the hype about superfoods?

They are supposed to make us more efficient, help us lose weight or supposedly protect us from cancer. Superfoods have become an integral part of our diet. But how healthy are chia seeds, goji berries and the like really?

A quinoa granola muesli for breakfast, a chia power bowl with avocado for lunch and a power bar with goji berries for a snack in between: These superfoods are all the rage these days. No wonder, because superfoods such as chia seeds, goji and açai berries, quinoa, spirulina or wheatgrass powder are supposed to be particularly good for our health – at least that’s what the distributors of such products promise.

Superfoods are plant-based foods and products made from them, such as powders or tablets, that are particularly rich in certain nutrients. Even the consumption of small amounts should cover the daily requirement of certain vitamins or minerals. They are also said to have a high antioxidant potential. In other words, they neutralize free radicals in the body particularly well. This is why they are often regarded as anti-aging miracle cures or are said to protect against cancer. Some reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack, others lower blood sugar levels, while others make us particularly efficient, strengthen the immune system or help us lose weight.

Super expensive, super marketing

The fact is that the term superfood is not protected by law. It’s a pure marketing term that could just as easily be used for beetroot or kiwis. Both foods are also rich in certain nutrients, but both have long been part of our diet. This is a little more practical with superfoods. They always come from exotic countries and are newly introduced to our latitudes – along with their marketing history.

Consumers are happy to pay for the healthy effects and the “superfood” label. 100 grams of organic wheatgrass powder is available for around 11 francs, 100 grams of acerola lozenges cost just under 23 francs. In contrast, 100 grams of dried organic goji berries are a bargain at six francs.

Better for the environment and your wallet

Not only are apples, blueberries and millet much cheaper than their exotic counterparts. They are also better for our environment and the climate. This is because the transportation route halfway around the world is eliminated and the growing regions are spared. It is not uncommon for forests to be cleared for the short-term hype surrounding a particular superfood, resulting in monocultures that damage the soil and biodiversity. Due to the increased demand, the local population is suddenly no longer able to afford their own traditional food. This is particularly problematic with staple foods such as quinoa.

And what is it about the special effect of superfoods?

In fact, the particularly high concentration of individual claimed nutrients or antioxidants can be proven under laboratory conditions. “The question is whether they actually work in our bodies as claimed on the packaging,” says Philipp Gerber, senior physician at the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition at the University Hospital Zurich. There are no good scientific studies on the individual superfoods, as is the case with medicines, for example. Long-term studies over several years would be needed in which, for example, 1000 people use a certain superfood and a control group of 1000 people who do not use it but otherwise eat the same diet. “It would cost several million francs simply to find out whether chia seeds actually reduce the risk of heart attack,” Gerber points out.

Sense or nonsense: a healthy diet with superfoods

Of course, superfoods are healthy in the same way that local apples or oatmeal are. “They contain ingredients that can be assumed to be healthy,” summarizes Gerber. The question is much more about what the diet looks like as a whole. If you eat an unhealthy diet with lots of fatty and sugary foods and little fruit and vegetables, you can’t simply make up for it with maca root powder, goji berries and acerola cherries. “You can’t compensate for an unhealthy diet – not even with superfoods,” says Gerber.

Even if you focus too much on superfoods, you are not automatically doing your body any good. “On the one hand, there is the risk of a one-sided diet, which means that certain nutrients are neglected. On the other hand, the declaration as a superfood is subject to a certain degree of arbitrariness, because there is no need to provide scientific proof of the effect,” says Gerber. It becomes dangerous when this focus leads to a compulsion to eat as healthily as possible. This is also referred to as orthorexia. “This can be very stressful for those affected, as they lose quality of life as a result.”

Super is versatile and native

A healthy diet doesn’t need superfoods, it needs healthy foods. Gerber recommends a fiber-rich diet with plenty of local vegetables and fruits, vegetable oils, enough protein without too much meat consumption and little added sugar and animal fats. “With a varied diet including local, seasonal fruit and vegetables, you’re actually doing everything right,” says Gerber, adding: “The food pyramid is a good guide. But I can also recommend the Mediterranean diet.”

Responsible specialist

Philipp Gerber, Prof. Dr. med.

Senior Physician, Vice Director of Department, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition

Tel. +41 44 255 36 20
Specialties: Overweight and obesity, Dyslipidemia, Clinical nutrition