Kaposi’s sarcoma

Kaposi's sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm of blood and lymph vessels. The clinical picture is very rare. However, it became known in connection with the AIDS disease. It occurs in the context of immunodeficiencies. We now know that it is caused by a herpes virus (human herpesvirus 8).

Kaposi's sarcoma: symptoms

The disease is characterized by red spots and tumours as well as reddish tumours with a good blood supply, which can also bleed and are usually painless. Both the skin and the mucous membranes are affected. The risk of bleeding is relatively high if the mucous membrane is affected. In more harmless forms, the skin changes only occur on the extremities, usually in the area of the feet and lower legs.

Kaposi's sarcoma: causes and risk factors

Human herpes virus 8 was identified as an important triggering factor. Genetic predisposition on the one hand and the function of the immune system on the other are particularly important for the development of the disease. We know that suppression of the immune system, for example in the context of HIV disease or drugs such as those given in the context of organ transplants, can lead to the blossoming of this disease.

Kaposi's sarcoma: Diagnosis

For the experienced dermatologist, the clinical picture is relatively characteristic. A sample biopsy is indicated in any case of suspicion. The tissue is then processed. The detection of human herpes virus 8 in the tissue sample is almost conclusive. As a minimum, a sonography is ordered to diagnose the spread of the disease, and a CT or PET scan in younger patients or if the immune system is suppressed.

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